Finish each sentence so that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the one printed before it.
1. You couldn’t have seen Mary in the park.
It …
2. He first thought of becoming a writer when he won a prize at school.
What …
3. They had never considered leaving their money to Philip.
The last …
4. She only ever wanted to learn how to play the drums.
All …
5. Classes have got larger in many schools.
What has …
6. She paints watercolour pictures of flowers as a hobby.
What she …
7. She felt very nervous because of the large number of people.
What …
8. I’m more worried by the expense of the journey than by the time it takes.
It’s not …
9. When you wake up, you should make a note of your dreams.
What …
10. My dream was always to go on the stage.
It was …
11. I am very much looking forward to seeing my grandson for the first time.
What …
12. Going out to parties is the only thing you think about.
All …
петък, 12 юни 2009 г.
Cleft sentences
A declarative sentence, such as
David studied English at Oxford can be reformulated as:
It was David who studied English at Oxford
This is called a CLEFT SENTENCE because the original sentence has been divided (or "cleft") into two clauses:
It was David and who studied English at Oxford.
Cleft sentences focus on one constituent of the original sentence, placing it after it was (or it is).
Here we have focussed on the Subject David, but we could also focus on the Direct Object English:
It was English that David studied at Oxford
or on the Adjunct at Oxford
It was at Oxford that David studied English
Cleft constructions, then, exhibit the pattern:
It + be + focus + clause
We can also use preparatory it in cleft sentences and join the words that we want to focus on to the relative clause with that, who or when.
In the example which follows, note how this construction enables us to focus on different aspects of the information, which may be important at the time:
My brother bought his new car from our next-door neighbour last Saturday.
It was my brother who bought his new car from our neighbour last Saturday.
It was last Saturday when my brother bought his new car from our neighbour.
It was a new car that my brother bought from our neighbour last Saturday.
It was our next-door neighbour that my brother bought his new car from last Saturday.
David studied English at Oxford can be reformulated as:
It was David who studied English at Oxford
This is called a CLEFT SENTENCE because the original sentence has been divided (or "cleft") into two clauses:
It was David and who studied English at Oxford.
Cleft sentences focus on one constituent of the original sentence, placing it after it was (or it is).
Here we have focussed on the Subject David, but we could also focus on the Direct Object English:
It was English that David studied at Oxford
or on the Adjunct at Oxford
It was at Oxford that David studied English
Cleft constructions, then, exhibit the pattern:
It + be + focus + clause
We can also use preparatory it in cleft sentences and join the words that we want to focus on to the relative clause with that, who or when.
In the example which follows, note how this construction enables us to focus on different aspects of the information, which may be important at the time:
My brother bought his new car from our next-door neighbour last Saturday.
It was my brother who bought his new car from our neighbour last Saturday.
It was last Saturday when my brother bought his new car from our neighbour.
It was a new car that my brother bought from our neighbour last Saturday.
It was our next-door neighbour that my brother bought his new car from last Saturday.
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